The complementary days were feast days and each had a name. The extra days at the end of the year were called jours complémentaires (complementary days or holidays) or jours-sansculottides (days of the revolutionaries). Months of the French Republican Calendar FrenchĬomplementary or Feast Days EnglishĬomplementary Days In areas that were not French-speaking, the names of the months were often translated into the language of the record, as shown by the following chart: They do not correspond to the standard months of January through December. The twelve months of the French Republican calendar were based on the natural events of the seasons of the year. Localities that Used the French Republican Calendar from 1793 to 1805 (Days were added to years 3, 7, 11, and so forth.) During this period, the standard calendar had only two leap years (in 17). Principles of the New Calendar Įach year began on the autumn equinox, and the years were counted from the founding of the French Republic on 22 September 1792.Įach year had twelve months of thirty days each.įive days, called complementary days, were added to the end of the year to bring the total to 365.Įvery four years, beginning with the third year of the Republic, an extra complementary day was added. It also affected records in other areas ruled by the French government, such as Egypt, Malta, Reunion, Louisiana, Guiana, and some Caribbean islands.
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It was used for civil registration records, notarial records, and other government records throughout France and other areas under French rule, including modern Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. (An attempt was made in 1871 to reinstate it, but this attempt failed.) However, it was back-dated to have begun on 22 September, 1792. This calendar was used for twelve years, from 24 October 1793 to 31 December 1805. The calendar was based on scientific rather than Christian principles. The French Republican calendar (also known as the Revolutionary calendar) was introduced during the French Revolution to replace the Gregorian calendar and begin a new era.
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9 How to Calculate the Standard Date for a French Republican Date.5 Months of the French Republican Calendar.3 Localities that Used the French Republican Calendar from 1793 to 1805.The otter holt within the installation was built by families and members of the International Otter Survival Fund at a Family Day held on 18 January. Thanks to the support of: Agricultural Museum Brook Julie Bixley Chew Valley Trees Crayfish Bob Essex Rural Attractions Field to Fork Organics Co-operative Limited Franchi Seeds of Italy 1783 London Canal Museum Mr Wood’s Fossils Oxford University Museum of Natural History Matthew Shaw Will Summers Tim Smith Stonemasonry Rob Tufnell and Woody’s Antiques.
Follow #backtothefields to find out more in the forthcoming weeks. Ewan’s 2011 work We Could Have Been Anything We Wanted to Be, a decimal clock also relating to the Republican Calendar, will be shown outside Gallery 3.Ĭamden Arts Centre will launch its Instagram account in 2015 to coincide with Ruth Ewan: Back to the Fields. The CD jukebox invites visitors to choose tracks from its growing catalogue of over 2,200 politically and socially motivated songs. Presenting strands of subversive histories, her work reflects on how radical ideas have been transferred, absorbed or lost within popular culture, whilst reopening their historic continuity to the present moment.Įwan will present two other projects in sites around Camden Arts Centre, including her ongoing work A Jukebox of People Trying to Change the World (started in 2003) in the Café.
Often cited as a ‘failed utopianism’, Ewan reconsiders the calendar as a complete artwork in itself, asking what can now be gleaned from this bold reframing of our daily lives. The title of the exhibition comes from the former title of the French folk song Il Pleut, Il Pleut, Bergère (It Rains, It Rains, Shepherdess) written by the Republican Calendar collaborator, Fabre d'Églantine, who allegedly recited the song’s lyrics calmly at his own execution.įor Ewan, the Republican Calendar is an inspiring and innovative example of collaboration between artists and the state.
Months and weeks were restructured and seasons and days renamed in collaboration with artists, poets and horticulturalists to reflect nature and agriculture.īringing together all 365 items used to denote the days of the year - such as a lettuce, a cart, wax, a turnip, honey, a fir tree, ivy, figs, mercury, lava, moss, tuna, a pheasant, an axe – the gallery will be transformed into a tangible calendar. In use from 1793 until 1805, the calendar temporarily redefined and rationalised the Gregorian Calendar, stripping it of all religious references in post-revolutionary France. London-based artist Ruth Ewan brings to life the French Republican Calendar in a new work made for Camden Arts Centre’s Gallery 3.
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